Commercial CDs head the way of the eight-track while recording companies miss out on revenue

Gillian Shaw
Sun

Music CD sales have dropped by half from their peak a decade ago, but unlike the decline of vinyl records and eight-track tapes, the current shift is bringing with it a wholesale transformation in the delivery and distribution of music.

The format change started with MP3 files, but digital music also brings multiple distribution channels — from the free sharing of music, to iTunes and other paid download services, to more futuristic channels that could see us making micro-payments to call up songs on the refrigerator while we cook dinner.

The recording industry, which failed to adapt in the early days and instead sought to hold back the change, is now paying the price. But for artists and consumers, the shift is opening up opportunities in accessibility, and lowering barriers to entry for a music career.

“CDs are being replaced by MP3 files, and the only problem is the record labels never figured out a way to charge for MP3 files until it was too late,” says Dave Kusek.

Kusek is vice-president at Berklee College of Music, a co-developer of the Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI); co-inventor of the first electronic drums at Synare; founder of Passport Designs, the first music software company; and co-author of the book The Future of Music: Manifesto for the Digital Music Revolution.

“It is a format change, and the record industry had its chance when Napster first came out. They had the chance to license Napster for all their music,” he said. “If they had done that, I believe the recorded music industry would be in a much more healthy state than it is today, or ever will be again.”

Instead, the recording industry decided to sue Napster. And while it may have won that battle, it’s losing the war. In the U.S., the industry took consumers who were sharing music files to court, but it has since abandoned that tactic.

Most recently in B.C., a Vancouver company is taking on the recording industry in a B.C. Supreme Court case, asking the court to confirm that it is not infringing copyright with websites that allow users to search BitTorrent files on the Internet to find movies, music and other content.

Apple cashed in on the digital music craze with its iPods, picking up much of the revenue that CDs would have generated. But paid services such as Apple’s iTunes, Amazon and others still account for only a small portion of the music people listen to on their computers and other devices.

“If you look at the several billion tracks that have been sold on iTunes, that is a couple of months worth of file-sharing traffic in MP3 files,” said Kusek, who runs a consulting business, Digital Cowboys, that has clients such as Nokia, Pepsi, BMG, EMI and others. Kusek also blogs at futureofmusicbook.com.

“The entire history of iTunes is [equivalent to] a couple of months of downloaded shared music,” he said.

Kusek sees a future in a type of blanket licence approach, similar to cable television’s.

“I think if it is going to happen, it is going to happen in the mobile space rather than in the computer space, although those two will merge,” he said. “The idea of selling a recording for a dollar-plus per song or $15 to $20 per disk has probably gone, or will be gone in the not-too-distant future.”

While hundreds of millions of CDs are still being purchased, sales are in steep decline. Sales of digital music in the United States grew almost 30 per cent last year, but sales of CDs dropped, with the forecast for 2009 putting them at half the level of their peak during the CD boom in the late 1990s.

According to a report by Forrester Research, U.S. digital music sales — downloads and subscriptions — will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 17 per cent over the next five years, putting digital music on track to make up 41 per cent of the music market in 2013.

The growth in these purchases won’t compensate for the decline in CD sales, leaving the overall music market shrinking by a compound annual growth rate of 0.8 per cent, to $9.8 billion US in 2013.

“I think it will become more of a utility, a service that you subscribe to that is bundled into your bill, and you get your music that way,” Kusek said.

While CDs can be played in a variety of devices, from a car to a living room stereo to a boom box on the beach, there are far more variations for digital music.

“I have a pair of sunglasses I can play music in,” Kusek points out with a laugh.

Karl Kapp, a professor of instructional technology at Bloomsburg University in Pennsylvania and author of Gadgets, Games and Gizmos for Learning, thinks that while there is always going to be a need for a way to aggregate your music on some kind of storage device, it’s not going to be the CD.

“I think they will go the way of eight-tracks,” he said. “Basically, what the music business is having is a disaggregation of content.

“Rather than a CD or album, you have to find multiple distribution channels for [today’s] music. Before, there were limited distribution channels and purchasing channels.

“The music industry is in a bit of a tailspin. They are never going to get back to the level where they were.”

But with the shift comes a change in the split that artists can achieve from their efforts. The barrier to entry has been lowered. No longer do artists need the deep pockets of major recording labels to finance releases; social networking sites such as MySpace and Facebook, along with websites, give them direct communication with their fans, allowing them to target their audience and build a following.

“There are bands that are bypassing labels and going straight to their fans,” Kapp said. “You can do it all with software, you don’t need a huge recording studio, and it is also now easy to sell your music and distribute it.

“You are always going to have the Britney Spears and Christina Aguileras, the huge stars that need the machine behind them. But there are far more artists who can make a decent living [who] are never going to be superstars.”

The delivery system is online but it can be through your computer, a handheld device, a game console, or maybe even your Internet-connected refrigerator.

“Anything that is Web-enabled could potentially become a channel,” said Kapp, who sees the possibility of a micro-transaction model in which consumers pay a tiny fraction of a cent to play a song on one device, such as the fridge, while they cook dinner.

© Copyright (c) The Vancouver Sun

Privacy advocates are happy with plans to blur licence plates

Gillian Shaw
Sun

Google Street View is coming to Canada, making it possible for people to virtually visit neighbourhoods in Canada‘s major cities and get a street-level view of city streets, homes and businesses.

While Google View has raised privacy concerns in some countries, Canadian privacy experts say they have been working with Google to ensure Canadians will be protected through such features as blurring to obscure identities and licence plates.

British Columbia‘s Information and Privacy Commissioner David Loukidelis said he welcomes the news that Google plans to blur licences.

He said he will be asking Burnaby-based Canpages — which has already launched a street-view service similar to what Google is planning — to make changes that ensure licence plates caught in its photo sweep won’t remain on the Internet.

Canpages marketing director Michael Oldewening said it’s not necessary to blur licences in his company’s service — which launched recently in Vancouver, Squamish and Whistler and plans to expand across Canada — because plate identification isn’t available to the public.

Elizabeth Denham, Assistant Privacy Commissioner of Canada, said displaying licence plates online can be a privacy issue.

“I think it is a concern to individuals even though there isn’t real-time photography,” she said in an interview. “People don’t expect when they are perhaps parked in front of a sensitive locale that their licence plate will be uploaded to the Internet.

“It may be an abortion clinic, maybe someone is shopping at a sex shop, or entering a woman’s shelter — individuals’ privacy has to be protected.”

Denham said her office has been working with Google to address privacy concerns in advance of Tuesday’s announcement that Google photo cars will start taking pictures in a number of Canadian cities in the coming weeks.

“We are pleased to see the announcement today by Google that they are letting Canadians know of their intention to collect new images for the application in Canada,” she said.

Both Google and Canpages also offer the option of letting people have images they find inappropriate removed, although if the images have already been captured by an Internet surfer, that measure won’t necessarily ensure they aren’t stored on someone’s computer hard drive.

Google Street View has raised controversy in the United Kingdom, where it was launched earlier this month. A number of photos, including one of a man leaving a sex shop and another of a man being sick on a sidewalk, were removed. The U.K.-based Privacy International has filed a complaint with the Information Commissioner.

Google Canada spokeswoman Tamara Micner wrote in an e-mail that Google sought guidance and approval from the U.K.’s Information Commissioner’s Office, which she said has made it clear it feels the necessary privacy safeguards are in place.

She said the fact some people have used the tools in place to remove images indicates that the tools work effectively.

Google announced Photo View will be available for Canada “in the near future” for the following Canadian cities: Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Saskatoon, Winnipeg, Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal, Quebec City, Halifax and Saint John.

© Copyright (c) The Vancouver Sun

Malcolm Parry
Sun

FINER TUNING: City lawyer Donna Robertson is helping mount a contest against cable-TV, Internet and digital-phone giant Shaw Communications Ltd. Not in court, though. She’s “seconded” from her practice to join CFO Doug Holman as co-president as well as chief legal officer of Novus Entertainment Inc. Headquartered in 8,000-square-foot, second-floor premises at Third-and-Quebec Street, the 40-employee firm offers cable and Internet service via a modem-free fibre-optic network “stretching from the University of B.C. to Simon Fraser University,” Robertson said. With some 5,000 subscribers in multi-suite developments — no single homes — and rates that generally run some $10-a-month below its giant competitor’s, she said relative tiddler Novus “aims to be the bane of the life of Shaw Communications.”

That ambition grew last year with what Robertson calls a “breakout” from the False Creek subscriber area to Burnaby. Richmond should be added soon, and Novus is “rolling out” digital-telephone service, she said.

The firm almost got rolled out flat itself in 2003. The then-seven-year-old outfit was an even smaller tiddler then. Founded as Pacific Place Communications by Concord Pacific president Terry Hui and Telus to serve Concord‘s condo buyers, it had around 1,000 subscribers in 1999 when a group of investors bought it and applied to serve the entire Lower Mainland. That’s when Robertson left a five-year stint at the Lang Michener law firm to be in-house counsel. A year later, with the dot-com bubble climaxing and Nortel providing debt and equity financing, a subsidiary, Novus Telecom Inc., built telephone switches in Toronto and Vancouver to benefit from then-new competitive local exchange company (CLEC) licensing to enter monopoly-telecom territories. But Toronto-based Wispra Inc. bought NTI in 2001. Novus then paid off Nortel’s $2.5-million loan, focused on developing an all-fibre-optic network, and bid for $37-million financing by San Francisco-based Bechtel Enterprises’ Incepta Partners venture fund.

Then 9/11 hit, the deal collapsed, and Novus sought protection under the Company Creditors’ Arrangement Act (Canada‘s Chapter 11). Owed a reported $10 million, Regina-based Harvard Development Inc. pulled the plug in 2004 and, with Novus now in receivership, bid to buy it.

That’s when Hui, who had maintained a minor investment, made a successful $5.8-million bid and took up the reins he’d dropped. Robertson was looking to other options “when Terry came in and had a little chat.” The upshot was that she and Concord Pacific accountant Holman were named co-presidents. “I will trust you with my company,” Robertson recalls Hui saying, “if you will trust me with your bonus.”

And has she, like AIG brass, received it? “I think we are both looking for certain benchmarks,” she said, tapping the peeling veneer of an early-1980s desk. “But we both have a feeling about where they are, financially and” — remembering access to Burnaby — “psychologically.”

© Copyright (c) The Vancouver Sun

Kris Abel
Other

Street View, the mapping feature that gives online users a travelling, zooming, panoramic view of our own city streets, is launching today for the first time in Canada with a set of new tricks not available in other countries. That’s because it isn’t Google, the company most associated with the technology, who is behind this rollout, instead Burnaby, British Columbia-based Canpages.ca and San Francisco-based MapJack have together developed their own version, not only beating the search engine giant to the punch in this country, but also adding new features including a fullscreen mode and paths that explore pedestrian walkways as much as they do the streets ruled by cars and trucks.

Once the Street View option is selected from the menu bar at the top of the map (other options include access to city street cameras and satellite imagery), users can click on any of the blue highlighted streets to access virtual panoramas taken from street level at that exact spot. With additional panoramas captured every few metres, users can advance their view and travel virtually along the streets by clicking on blue dots, taking in the world around them with every step.

Here is a list of the some of the differences between CanPage’s and Google’s versions of Street View technology:

High Resolution Photography – CanPages uses high resolution pictures with support for zoomed exploration. Of the many international cities given the Street View treatment by Google, only a handful including Seattle, San Francisco, and Paris have been captured with higher resolution cameras.

Panoramic Angles – While Google allows viewers to move the camera both straight up and down, taking in both the sky and ground as well the street around them, CanPages’ is more limited to a horizontal view of the world.

Fullscreen View – CanPages’ basic Street View map window may be smaller than Google’s, but they offer an additional fullscreen mode that fills the entire screen.

Configuration Menu – Something Google doesn’t offer, CanPages has a setting menu where users can adjust image sharpness, brightness, quality, and projection or the curved effect given to panoramas to give them a more immersive feel.

Pedestrian View – CanPages uses two different camera teams to capture their imagery. Like Google they begin with a fleet of vehicle-mounted cameras to capture city streets, but have added a second pedestrian team made up of a shoulder-mounted camera person, allowing them to leave the streets and explore pedestrian-only paths, such as those within the ski resorts in Whistler, B.C. The company hopes to use this additional camera set-up to extend their Street Views into the lobbies of hotels, retail stores, and inside shopping malls and parks.

Privacy – In reaction to voiced concerns over privacy, Google has recently begun to blur the faces and automotive license plates captured by their cameras in selected cities. CanPages has made the commitment to blur all faces captured by their cameras, but not automotive license plates. They have also added a link in the lower right-hand corner for users to submit any concerns over images captured in the selected view.

When Is Google’s StreetView Coming To Canada?

When Google first launched the technology in 2007, the company confirmed that Canadian streets would be captured by their cameras within the foreseeable future, but as of today do not have any further announcements to make. They have participated in discussions regarding potential privacy issues raised by the technology’s use here in this country, most notably with Canadian Federal Privacy Commissioner Jennifer Stoddart.

CanPages Voice Search

In addition to today’s Street View launch, CanPages will also be releasing an updated version of their free iPhone App that will include a voice search feature. Users can speak a chain of descriptive words into their iPhones and use the CanPages app to provide detailed results from their Canadian retail and commercial listings. Phrases such as “Pizza in Calgary” will yield a selection of pizza delivery companies within the city of Calgary. Users can refine their results with more descriptive phrases including exact street names and intersections and even using the word “near” such as “book stores near Bloor st.”. If users leave out a location altogether, the App simple accesses the iPhone’s GPS and finds locations in the local area based on your current position.

The Voice Search feature is similar to that introduced by Google through their own iPhone App, but with a focus toward providing Canadian results only.

Self-styled ‘sharp guy’ David Kurt got taken; it can happen to you, Mounties warn

Lisa Hrabluk
Province

Tickets: Got ‘em, want ‘em, who’s lookin‘ for tickets!

That familiar refrain has welcomed Canadians to arenas, stadiums and theatres for decades.

Scalpers, also known as ticket brokers or resellers, have traditionally staked their claim to a bit of pavement, tickets in hand, money in pocket, selling to fans who covet a seat inside.

These days, those in-your-face scalpers have some fierce competition from online ticket sales either through third-party brokers or individuals selling tickets on popular classifieds sites such as Craigslist, EBay and Kijiji.

But lurking online are fraud artists, hoping to take advantage of people’s desire for something special combined with their willingness to trust an online stranger.

David Kurt says in hindsight he should have seen the warning signs. The Sudbury, Ont., resident spent a frustrating — and costly — week exchanging tickets with someone purportedly selling tickets to the NHL All-Star Game and Skills Competition in Montreal. The asking price: $800 for a pair of tickets to both events.

“I consider myself a sharp guy — I use the Internet a lot — and we were sending a lot of e-mails,” said Kurt, who initially sent $400 via an e-mail money order through his bank with a pledge to send the rest when the tickets arrived.

That’s when the e-mails from the seller took on a more desperate tone. The writer, calling herself “Marie,” wrote back that her husband was in the armed forces, just back from overseas and really wanted to see all the money.

Having sent half his money, and after consulting with his friend and fellow would-be All Star attendee, Kurt sent the rest of the money.

Then, the e-mails from Marie stopped. And, of course, the tickets never came. With the money gone from his account, Kurt called the Sudbury police, who were sympathetic, but said there was little they could do.

RCMP Insp. Paul Collins, the officer in charge of the counterfeit and identity fraud section in Ottawa, says people should always be wary of deals done either online or over the phone. “You always have to be mindful of how you are doing your business and who you are doing business with,” he said. “It is so easy to be victimized.”

Recol.ca (Reporting Economic Crime Online), a website maintained by the RCMP and federal government, received about 6,000 complaints last year for the online auction fraud, which would include ticket sales.

Collins says statistics such as that one and others monitored through Phonebusters, Canada‘s anti-fraud call centre, capture only a fraction of the economic-fraud activity.

“They are just an estimate. We think it represents only about 10 to 15 per cent of what is out there because these sites depend on self-reporting and people don’t always report when it happens to them.”

Being defrauded of your money and not getting tickets is a terrible experience; buying tickets to a high-profile event only to show up and be told the tickets are either fake or stolen is even worse.

The Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics organizing committee is developing a website they hope will reduce ticket fraud for the Games.

In addition to its strict requirements for ticket purchases (Canadian residents must provide a valid Canadian mailing address and be able to sign for the couriered tickets), VANOC is researching how to create a secure, secondary ticket-sales site for bring together people with valid Olympics tickets to sell and for fans who want to attend.

The secondary ticket-sales site is part of VANOC’s “Buy Real” public relations and education campaign to encourage people to only buy tickets and merchandise from the Vancouver 2010 website or its official partners.

“For us, it really is a consumer protection issue because the tickets have already been sold, so for us it isn’t about revenue,” said Caley Denton, VANOC’s vice-president of ticketing and consumer marketing.

“We feel we’ve done our best to protect the public.”

© Copyright (c) The Province

Tech Toys

Gillian Shaw
Sun

1. BookReader V100, Plustek, $750

Plustek’s BookReader V100 will transform your books and documents into MP3 files that you can listen to on the go. The BookReader turns text into voice, using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and text-to-speech software. The BookReader comes with an English and Spanish bilingual package, and in Canada with an English and French package with the option of adding more languages at an additional cost. www.plustek.com

W995 Walkman, Sony Ericsson (price not announced)

2. The W995 debuts Media Go, an application to transfer music, photos and videos between your phone and computer, delivering video at the same quality you see on your computer screen. Viewing is on a 2.6-inch (6.6-cm) screen, and the music phone also delivers an 8.1-megapixel camera. HPM-77 headphones come as part of the package. The latest Walkman is expected to reach markets during this second quarter, but no word yet on when it will be available through Canadian wireless carriers.

E-620 DSLR camera, Olympus, $900 with 14-42 mm lens

3. Olympus‘ new DSLR has art filters and multiple exposures built in, allowing you to customize photos right on the camera without a computer and editing software. A lightweight 474 grams, it is billed as the world’s smallest DSLR with in-body image stabilization, compensating for those shaky shots. Live view shooting with a 2.7-inch HyperCrystal LCD lets you cover your photo subject from a range of angles. Some of the in-camera filters include pop art, soft focus, grainy film, pin hole, and others. A 12.3-megapixel camera, the E-620 will be available starting this May at an estimated retail price of $900 for the camera body with the ED 14-42mm f3.5/5.6 Zuiko digital zoom lens. ww.olympuscanada.com.

Power Monitor, Black & Decker, $100

4. If you want to see how your power consumption is burning up your money, this monitor from Black & Decker will tell the whole story. It shows you energy usage in real dollars, tracking the month-to-date usage and estimated monthly bill. It will also tell you how much any particular appliance will cost to keep running, and it will let you know the temperature outside. Useful for keeping an eye on both your pocketbook and your environmental footprint. www.blackanddecker.com/energy

© Copyright (c) The Vancouver Sun

 

Box offers free TV via Net

Vito Pilieci
Sun

Local TV stations, already reeling from the recession and the public’s changing habits, are about to get another hard kick from the Internet — and national networks, cable and satellite TV companies also could feel the pain.

Last week, a small American company called ZillionTV was launched with the support of almost every major content producer in the United States — including Disney (which owns ABC), NBC Universal, Sony Pictures Television, 20th Century Fox and Warner Bros.

ZillionTV is selling a set-top box that replaces a digital cable box or satellite receiver. The box plugs into a TV set and delivers programming, on-demand, over the Internet — free.

The box costs $100 US, but there are no monthly fees. The TV programs have ads, just like conventional broadcast TV. Viewers would not need a cable or satellite subscription to watch television.

“ZillionTV is building a new television ecosystem,” said Mitchell Berman, chief executive of ZillionTV Corp. “Consumers can access an expansive collection of entertainment when and how they want.”

Several similar devices already have been released, but none has collected the industry support that ZillionTV has, and that’s a clear signal that American broadcasters and producers believe TV over the Internet is ready for prime time.

ZillionTV has its eyes on Canada, as part of its international expansion plans.

The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission is scrambling to review regulations that require broadcast networks to carry specified amounts of Canadian content, and whether those regulations should apply — or even could apply — to international companies using the Internet to distribute their programming. The CRTC will resume hearings on the issues Monday in Gatineau, Que.

“This situation is very urgent,” said Steve Waddell, national executive director of the Alliance of Canadian Cinema, Television and Radio Artists. “These things move at lightning speed and unless we respond very quickly, in our view, the future will be lost.”

Devices like ZillionTV’s box are emerging at an accelerated pace around the world. The BBC will roll out set top boxes to all of its customers in the United Kingdom in January 2010. Sony announced earlier this week that the first of its new television sets — with Internet connections built in — are now in stores.

The rapidly changing landscape comes at a time when broadcasters, content producers and even regulators agree that the conventional broadcasting system is “broken.” Local TV stations are struggling to survive and money for Canadian programming is scarce.

National broadcasters are hurting as new online sources of entertainment and news take away advertisers, a situation only exacerbated by the recession.

© Copyright (c) The Vancouver Sun

Province

Anyone phoning or e-mailing Telus customers for personal information should raise a red flag.

Telus spokesman Shawn Hall said yesterday the company has recently received 100 customer complaints about scams, a “fourfold increase” in the frequency of such complaints.

Callers are asking customers for names, addresses, birth dates, account numbers, credit cards and passwords. Three top scams are:

– Social Engineering: The fraudster phones as a legitimate caller, trying to trick the customer into disclosing personal information, such as credit-card numbers.

– 809 Caribbean Scam: Fraudsters try to get you to call a number starting with 809 to win a prize or find out about an injured relative. The number is the area code for the Dominican Republic, which has weaker phone laws. When you phone back, you’re kept on hold, racking up to $7 a minute.

– E-mail Scam: Fraudsters will send an e-mail to Telus customers, asking them to fill out a form asking for information on their user name and password.

“If you have any concerns, hang up,” said Hall.

If you feel you’re been scammed, call 1-877-567-2062.

© Copyright (c) The Province

Jodie Warren
Other

Download Document

Search for snow conditions drew virus attack

Gillian Shaw
Sun

Web surfers checking the snow report for Cypress Mountain are the latest target of Google poisoning in which fraud artists get their malicious Web site close to the top of search engine rankings.

Lauri Sawka, who runs the outdoor education program at Notre Dame regional secondary school, was searching for the Cypress snow report this week to prepare for a school snowshoeing trip when instead she found herself fighting off an attack on her computer.

“There were a couple of sites that didn’t give me what I needed so I went to another, it was about fifth down the list in Google,” she said. “I clicked on it and a big red sign came up and it was flashing ‘alert.’

“It said there were viruses on my computer — something like 137 viruses — and it started running.”

A worried Sawka went to find physics teacher Peter Vogel, head of Notre Dame’s Information and Communications Technology, who recognized what the site was attempting and contacted The Vancouver Sun with the warning.

“It’s the first experience I’ve had with local content being used for Google poisoning,” Vogel wrote in an e-mail. The elaborate poisoning scheme, which uses Google, other online search engines and even online ads, lures people into clicking on links that take them to malicious Web sites.

Once there, the unwary surfers can have their computers taken over by the cybercriminals and to add insult to injury, many are convinced to pay $60 for bogus virus protection. Plus the attackers install keystroke loggers to collect banking information, passwords and other critical information which they then sell or use to bilk their victims of more money.

The practice is not new but it was likely Cypress Mountain caught the attention of the schemers because it is the 2010 venue for the freestyle and snowboarding events and recently hosted pre-Olympic competitions. The people behind the attacks, thought to be mostly located in Russia and China, are constantly adding new Web sites as earlier ones are shut down and they follow the news to come up with search terms likely to be popular at any given time.

“They try to create a situation in which whatever people are searching for there is a good chance their lure site will come up on the first page of the search results,” said Roger Thompson, chief research officer for anti-virus and security company AVG. “Their goal is to get their page ranked high enough so it will come up preferably in the top 10 when somebody searches for something.”

Asked about Google poisoning, Google spokeswoman Tamara Micner wrote in an email: “We work hard to protect our users from malware. Many of these results have been removed from our index. However, this issue affects more than just Google, as these sites are still part of the general web. In all cases, we actively work to detect and remove sites that serve malware from our index.”

– – –

VACCINES AND ANTIDOTES FOR ONLINE POISON

While Roger Thompson is with the security software company AVG, which has a popular free anti-virus software as well as a more complete paid Internet security software, he says regardless of what software you choose, it should offer layers of protection:

– A link scanner that blocks sites that could turn up in Google searches but which are recognized by the software as poisoned search results

– Traditional anti-virus scanner

– Identity protection, so if malicious software manages to evade detection through the other systems and starts logging keystrokes or doing other suspicious activity, it would be removed from your computer.

© Copyright (c) The Vancouver Sun